Vcpkg Basic

업데이트: 2021.08.18

https://vcpkg.io/
Vcpkg helps you manage C and C++ libraries on Windows, Linux and MacOS. This tool and ecosystem are constantly evolving, and we always appreciate contributions!

Introduction

https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg
MS에서 만든 C++ Library Package 관리 (Cross Platform)

Vcpkg install

Git 이 필요하고, bootstrap-vcpkg 실행으로 필요한 툴을 다운로드(빌드)하는 작업을 수행
- vcpkg.exe 생성

$ git clone https://github.com/microsoft/vcpkg
$ cd vcpkg

# windows
$ bootstrap-vcpkg.bat

# linux 
$ ./bootstrap-vcpkg.sh

Package search & install

triplet : Target configuration set
설치시 triplet 을 지정하지 않으면 설치되어 있는 기본 C++ Toolset 으로 지정
- Windows의 경우 x86-windows default

주요 Triplet list

vcpkg help triplet

$ vcpkg help triplet
Available architecture triplets
VCPKG built-in triplets:
...
  x64-windows-static
  x64-windows
  x86-windows
...
VCPKG community triplets:
...
  x64-windows-static-md
  x86-windows-static-md
  x86-windows-static
  x64-mingw-dynamic
  x64-mingw-static
  x86-mingw-dynamic
  x86-mingw-static  
  x64-linux
...

Search

vcpkg search

# Package search 
$ vcpkg search fmt
fmt                      7.1.3#5          Formatting library for C++. ...
The search result may be outdated. Run `git pull` to get the latest results. 

Install

vcpkg install
vcpkg search 에서 찾은 패키지를 triplet 을 지정하여 설치
설치가 완료되면 프로젝트 CMakeLists.txt 넣을 find_package 문 표시

# Package 별로 triplet 지정 
$ vcpkg.exe install fmt:x64-windows-static nlohmann-json:x64-windows-static

# triplet 공통 지정 
$ vcpkg.exe install fmt nlohmann-json --triplet=x64-windows-static
...
The package fmt provides CMake targets:

    find_package(fmt CONFIG REQUIRED)
    target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE fmt::fmt)

    # Or use the header-only version
    find_package(fmt CONFIG REQUIRED)
    target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE fmt::fmt-header-only)

The package nlohmann-json:x64-windows-static provides CMake targets:

    find_package(nlohmann_json CONFIG REQUIRED)
    target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE nlohmann_json nlohmann_json::nlohmann_json)

설치된 리스트

vcpkg list

# Package installed list 
$ vcpkg list
benchmark:x64-mingw-static                         1.5.5            A library to support the benchmarking of functio...
benchmark:x64-windows-static                       1.5.5            A library to support the benchmarking of functio...
cpp-httplib:x64-mingw-static                       0.9.1            A single file C++11 header-only HTTP/HTTPS serve...
cpp-httplib:x64-windows-static                     0.9.1            A single file C++11 header-only HTTP/HTTPS serve...
fmt:x64-windows                                    7.1.3#5          Formatting library for C++. It can be used as a ...
fmt:x64-windows-static                             7.1.3#5          Formatting library for C++. It can be used as a ...
nlohmann-json:x64-mingw-static                     3.9.1            JSON for Modern C++
nlohmann-json:x64-windows-static                   3.9.1            JSON for Modern C++
openssl:x64-mingw-static                           1.1.1k#8         OpenSSL is an open source project that provides ...
openssl:x64-windows-static                         1.1.1k#8         OpenSSL is an open source project that provides ...
vcpkg-cmake-config:x64-windows                     2021-05-22#1
vcpkg-cmake:x64-windows                            2021-07-30
zlib:x64-mingw-static                              1.2.11#11        A compression library
zlib:x64-windows-static                            1.2.11#11        A compression library

Integrate install

vcpkg integrate install
Windows Visual Studio에서 vcpkg 라이브러리를 별도 설정 없이 바로 사용

$ vcpkg integrate install
Applied user-wide integration for this vcpkg root.

All MSBuild C++ projects can now #include any installed libraries.
Linking will be handled automatically.
Installing new libraries will make them instantly available.

CMake projects should use: "-DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Lib/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake"

vcpkg 명령어

# Vcpkg package management program version 2021-08-12-85ab112d5ee102bc6eac8cdbbfdd173a71374e04
$ vcpkg help
Commands:
  vcpkg search [pat]              Search for packages available to be built
  vcpkg install <pkg>...          Install a package
  vcpkg remove <pkg>...           Uninstall a package
  vcpkg remove --outdated         Uninstall all out-of-date packages
  vcpkg list                      List installed packages
  vcpkg update                    Display list of packages for updating
  vcpkg upgrade                   Rebuild all outdated packages
  vcpkg x-history <pkg>           (Experimental) Shows the history of CONTROL versions of a package
  vcpkg hash <file> [alg]         Hash a file by specific algorithm, default SHA512
  vcpkg help topics               Display the list of help topics
  vcpkg help <topic>              Display help for a specific topic

  vcpkg integrate install         Make installed packages available user-wide. Requires admin
                                  privileges on first use
  vcpkg integrate remove          Remove user-wide integration
  vcpkg integrate project         Generate a referencing nuget package for individual VS project use
  vcpkg integrate powershell      Enable PowerShell tab-completion

  vcpkg export <pkg>... [opt]...  Exports a package
  vcpkg edit <pkg>                Open up a port for editing (uses %EDITOR%, default 'code')
  vcpkg create <pkg> <url> [archivename]
                                  Create a new package
  vcpkg x-init-registry <path>    Initializes a registry in the directory <path>
  vcpkg owns <pat>                Search for files in installed packages
  vcpkg depend-info <pkg>...      Display a list of dependencies for packages
  vcpkg env                       Creates a clean shell environment for development or compiling
  vcpkg version                   Display version information
  vcpkg contact                   Display contact information to send feedback
...

1. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (CMake, find_package)

CMakeLists.txt 에 find_package 내용 추가

CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.11)

project(main)
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 17)

add_executable(main main.cpp)

if(MSVC)
	target_compile_options(main PRIVATE /MT)
else()
	target_compile_options(main PRIVATE -Wall -O2)
endif()

find_package(fmt CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE fmt::fmt)

find_package(nlohmann_json CONFIG REQUIRED)
target_link_libraries(main PRIVATE nlohmann_json nlohmann_json::nlohmann_json)

CMake 초기화

CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE 과 VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET 을 지정하여 초기화
- CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE : vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake

$ mkdir build && cd build

# windows msvc 
$ cmake -G "Visual Studio 16 2019" -A x64 .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Lib/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-windows-static

# windows mingw
$ cmake -G "MSYS Makefiles" .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=D:/Lib/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake -DVCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET=x64-mingw-static

# linux : VCPKG_TARGET_TRIPLET 지정안함, defualt 사용 
$ cmake cmake .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=~/lib/vcpkg/scripts/buildsystems/vcpkg.cmake

Build

# windows msvc : Release 모드 빌드 
$ cmake --build . --config=Release
# run 
$ Release\main.exe

# mingw, linux 
$ make 
$ ./main

2. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (라이브러리 수동으로 설정)

CMake 수동 지정 : target_include_directories, target_link_directories, target_link_libraries 별도 지정
Makefile 사용 : -I -l -L 등의 옵션 추가

vcpkg/installed/`triplet` 디렉토리 참고

수동으로 include, lib 등 지정 사용
- triplet/include : header files
- triplet/lib : static library
- triplet/bin : shared library

$  tree vcpkg/installed -L 3
vcpkg/installed
├── vcpkg
...
├── x64-mingw-static
│   ├── debug
│   │   └── lib
│   ├── include
│   │   ├── benchmark
│   │   ├── httplib.h
│   │   ├── nlohmann
│   │   ├── openssl
│   │   ├── zconf.h
│   │   └── zlib.h
│   ├── lib
│   │   ├── libbenchmark.a
│   │   ├── libbenchmark_main.a
│   │   ├── libcrypto.a
│   │   ├── libssl.a
│   │   ├── libzlib.a
│   │   └── pkgconfig
│   └── share
│       ├── benchmark
│       ├── cpp-httplib
│       ├── nlohmann-json
│       ├── nlohmann_json
│       ├── openssl
│       └── zlib
├── x64-windows
│   ├── bin
│   │   ├── fmt.dll
│   │   └── fmt.pdb
│   ├── debug
│   │   ├── bin
│   │   └── lib
│   ├── include
│   │   └── fmt
│   ├── lib
│   │   ├── fmt.lib
│   │   └── pkgconfig
│   └── share
│       ├── fmt
│       ├── vcpkg-cmake
│       └── vcpkg-cmake-config
└── x64-windows-static
    ├── debug
    │   ├── lib
    │   └── misc
    ├── include
    │   ├── benchmark
    │   ├── fmt
    │   ├── httplib.h
    │   ├── nlohmann
    │   ├── openssl
    │   ├── zconf.h
    │   └── zlib.h
    ├── lib
    │   ├── benchmark.lib
    │   ├── benchmark_main.lib
    │   ├── fmt.lib
    │   ├── libcrypto.lib
    │   ├── libssl.lib
    │   ├── ossl_static.pdb
    │   ├── pkgconfig
    │   └── zlib.lib
    ├── misc
    │   ├── CA.pl
    │   └── tsget.pl
    ├── share
    │   ├── benchmark
    │   ├── cpp-httplib
    │   ├── fmt
    │   ├── nlohmann-json
    │   ├── nlohmann_json
    │   ├── openssl
    │   └── zlib
    └── tools
        └── openssl

Byung Kyu KIM

Vcpkg Basic

Introduction

Vcpkg install

Package search & install

주요 Triplet list

Search

Install

설치된 리스트

Integrate install

vcpkg 명령어

1. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (CMake, find_package)

CMakeLists.txt

CMake 초기화

Build

2. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (라이브러리 수동으로 설정)

vcpkg/installed/`triplet` 디렉토리 참고

댓글남기기

참고

리눅스의 Init 시스템

프롬프트 엔지니어링 기본 가이드

Python PEP 8 스타일 가이드

xargs - 효율적인 명령어 인수 처리와 병렬 실행

Byung Kyu KIM

Introduction

Vcpkg install

Package search & install

주요 Triplet list

Search

Install

설치된 리스트

Integrate install

vcpkg 명령어

1. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (CMake, find_package)

CMakeLists.txt

CMake 초기화

Build

2. 내 프로젝트에서 사용 (라이브러리 수동으로 설정)

vcpkg/installed/triplet 디렉토리 참고

댓글남기기

참고

리눅스의 Init 시스템

프롬프트 엔지니어링 기본 가이드

Python PEP 8 스타일 가이드

xargs - 효율적인 명령어 인수 처리와 병렬 실행

vcpkg/installed/`triplet` 디렉토리 참고